Heat the oven to 425°F, then place the cauliflower and carrots on a large rimmed baking sheet and toss them with 2 Tbsp. olive oil, smoked paprika, garlic powder, cumin, salt, and black pepper. The vegetables should look evenly coated, with spices clinging to the surfaces instead of pooling on the pan.
Roast the vegetables for 25 to 30 minutes, turning them once about halfway through cooking. Look for deeply browned, caramelized edges and tender centers rather than pale or steamy vegetables.
While the vegetables roast, combine the quinoa and vegetable broth in a medium saucepan over medium-high heat and bring it to a boil, then reduce the heat, cover, and simmer gently for 15 minutes. When the liquid is absorbed, the grains should look fluffy and separate instead of wet.
Take the quinoa off the heat, stir in the kale and remaining 1 Tbsp. olive oil, then cover and let it stay warm until serving. The residual heat will soften the kale so it turns tender and glossy without losing all its color.
In a bowl, stir together the tahini, sherry vinegar, maple syrup, chili garlic sauce, curry powder, turmeric, and salt, then whisk in water 1 Tbsp. at a time until the dressing loosens. It may thicken and look seized at first, but keep whisking and it will turn smooth, creamy, and pourable.
Divide the quinoa and kale mixture among four bowls, top with the roasted vegetables and avocado, then drizzle with dressing and finish with pumpkin seeds and any optional garnishes. The finished bowl should have a mix of creamy, crunchy, warm, and fresh elements in every bite.